Air filter: Its role is to filter the dust and impurities in the air and let the clean air enter the engine, which is very important for the life and normal work of the engine. The dust and dirt absorbed by the air filter will be blocked and affect the engine operation, so it must be replaced regularly. If you drive in a dusty place, such as a sandstorm, the air filter replacement cycle will be shortened.
Battery: Needless to say, it is used to store electrical energy. Usually lead-acid batteries, the electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid.
Brake fluid: Brake fluid as usual. At present, the brakes of cars are generally hydraulic, that is, the brake fluid is used as the medium to transfer the force of the brake pedal to the brake disc.
Ignition coil: The low voltage is converted to high voltage, and the spark plug discharges below it to generate electric sparks, which ignite the oil-gas mixture to perform work.
Motor oil: Needless to say, mineral oil or synthetic oil that acts as a lubricating seal. If the engine lacks the lubrication of the oil, it will cause serious problems such as pulling cylinders and holding shoes.
Power-assisted steering oil: Nowadays, the steering assistance of a car is usually the traditional hydraulic assistance. Since it is hydraulic, the oil medium is needed.
Antifreeze: Circulate in the channel of the radiator and the engine cylinder. The liquid medium used to cool the engine, mainly water and additives, is called antifreeze because of its antifreeze function.
Glass water: Everyone on the planet knows that it is used to clean glass. Now you should know where it is.
Oil dipstick: a ruler that detects the amount of oil. When using the engine, turn off the engine first, pull out the oil dipstick, wipe the oil on it with a clean paper towel, and then insert and pull out again. The oil level of the oil must be between the two upper and lower limits on the ruler. Can"t be less.
Fuse box: There are many fuses for electrical equipment, and relays. There are two safety boxes in the small F, and the other one is on the lower left of the cab driver. See the accompanying manual for details.
Air inlet: The inlet of the engine"s air intake. This is optimized. The position has been improved a lot. The air inlet of the old car is relatively low, and it is easy for the engine to enter water when wading. The position of the air inlet is the limit of the wading depth of the car, and it must not be exceeded. Once the engine enters the water, the consequences are very serious ~!
Electronic throttle: It is said to be an accelerator. Actually, it has nothing to do with oil. It is connected to the intake manifold and the intake manifold, and controls the engine air intake, so the correct term should be the electronic throttle. The engine control module calculates the fuel injection amount based on the intake air volume, so that the engine speed and output power can be controlled.
Intake manifold: the branch branch from the intake manifold to each cylinder. Although it"s a tube, it has high-tech content, such as a variable intake manifold.
Carbon canister valve: The carbon canister absorbs the gasoline vapor in the fuel tank. After the carbon canister valve is opened, the engine will suck the gasoline vapor adsorbed by the activated carbon in the carbon canister into the intake pipe, and finally participate in the combustion. This is good for environmental protection and saves a little oil.
Gasoline Distributor: Distributes gasoline to each fuel injector. The fuel injector is connected underneath it, which is blocked from view.
Crankcase ventilation pipe: the right side is the intake pipe, and the left side is the exhaust pipe, which is used to ventilate the crankcase.
Injector: The gasoline pressurized by the gasoline pump is sprayed out in an atomized form. The nozzle hole is very small, so that the gasoline can be atomized better, but it is also easy to be blocked, so the nozzle should be cleaned regularly.
Vacuum booster: Using the force generated by the vacuum negative pressure of the engine intake pipe and the pressure difference between atmospheric pressure to assist the brakes, it can reduce the driver"s "labor intensity".
Brake master cylinder: Generates brake fluid pressure, which is transmitted to each brake cylinder through the brake oil pipe.
Clutch master cylinder: When the clutch pedal is depressed, the clutch master cylinder connected to the pedal will act, generate hydraulic pressure, and transfer it to the clutch pump along the pipeline, and finally convert it into a mechanical force release clutch. The small F"s clutch operating system is hydraulic and shares a hydraulic fluid with the brake system, so a tube is connected to the brake fluid tank.
ABS pump: a very important safety device ~! ABS means automatic anti-lock braking system. When the brake is applied, the ABS system will automatically apply a few dozen times per second to the wheels according to the speed and braking force. To prevent tires from slipping and getting out of control. And it can provide steering ability to avoid obstacles when braking.
Power Steering Pump: Provides hydraulic power for steering assistance. The problem of abnormal sound of the belt is the displacement of the booster pump bracket, which causes the pulley of the booster pump to be not on the same plane as the other pulleys. When the belt runs, the friction with the pulleys causes abnormal noise and noise.
Air-conditioning compressor: Compresses the vaporized refrigerant into a liquid, and then pumps it into the evaporator to produce the coolness we need ~!
Exhaust manifold: The exhaust gas generated by each cylinder of the engine is discharged into the exhaust manifold through the exhaust manifold, and then discharged into the atmosphere through the three-way catalyst and muffler. Because the exhaust gas of the engine is very hot, a protective shell is added here to play the role of heat insulation. Seeing that hand-shaped logo is not there, there is also an X, which means don"t touch it, it will burn you ~!
Oxygen sensor: Detects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas and sends a signal to the engine control module, which is used to control the fuel injection amount so that the fuel can be fully burned and reduce emissions. If there is a problem with the oxygen sensor, the engine is said to be unstable at idle and fuel consumption will increase dramatically.
Clutch pump: The clutch of the small F is hydraulically driven. The clutch master cylinder generates hydraulic pressure, which is transmitted to the clutch pump along the clutch oil pipe to generate mechanical force. It pushes the release lever on the right to disconnect the clutch. The hydraulic zip cable is much easier to use.
Selecting and shifting cable: One end of the cable is connected to the gear lever in the cab, and the other end is connected to the gear selection and shifting mechanism. The cable has a great impact on the feeling of shifting. If you have difficulty in gear shifting, it may be a problem with the cable ~!
Starter: In fact, it is a small motor. When the key switch is turned to the start position, the starter rotates, and at the same time, it drives the engine to assist the engine to start working. If it is difficult to start a fire when starting the car, the duration of the fire cannot be too long, a few seconds at a time. It has been unsuccessful for several times in a row. You should screw the key back, wait for a few minutes, and allow the starter to cool down before powering on again. This prevents the starter from burning out.
Let"s take a look at the gasoline pump again. After the rear seat is opened, you will see such a black cover. Below it is the gasoline pump.
After removing the cover, you can see the gasoline pump. It is actually installed on the fuel tank, but it is troublesome to remove the fuel tank, so a hole is opened in this place, which can be easily replaced when the gasoline pump is damaged.
The gasoline pump is dismantled, and it looks like this! Since it is called an oil pump, its role is needless to say that it is a pump of oil. The gasoline pump pressurizes the gasoline and sends it to the fuel injection nozzle from the fuel supply pipe. Because of the pressure, the gasoline sprayed from the fuel injection nozzle will be atomized well and can be evenly mixed with the air.
There is a very important note in the use of gasoline pumps, which is to keep the fuel in the fuel tank too low. Do not wait until the oil lamp is on before refueling. If you see it, add it, because the gasoline pump depends on the gasoline in the fuel tank to cool it.
Gasoline filter: Installed in front of the right rear wheel, next to the fuel tank, it is used to filter out moisture, impurities and gums in gasoline, prevent fuel system blockage, and ensure the normal operation of the fuel supply device.
Brake hose: transmits the force of the brake pedal.
Brake cylinder: The hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid is converted into mechanical force, which acts on the brake caliper. The friction plate on the caliper produces friction with the brake disc, which converts the car"s kinetic energy into heat energy and consumes it, thereby stopping the car.
Stabilizer: Reduces vehicle roll when steering and increases handling.
Half shaft: transmits the power of the engine to the wheels to drive the car.
Steering lever: Control the steering of the wheels and adjust the toe.
Lower arm, upper support arm: Suspension member connecting the wheel and the body.
Cardan shaft: connected between two shafts, the transmission angle between the two shafts can be arbitrarily changed within a certain range. Because the front wheels are driven and steered ~!
Spring: elastic element, which acts as a buffer. This is a coil spring. Trucks use leaf springs. Some high-end vehicles use air springs.
Shock absorber: a hydraulic damping element that absorbs the energy of the road impact and suppresses the force of spring back after compression. It cooperates with springs to form a shock absorption system, which is used to reduce vehicle body vibration caused by uneven road surfaces. The damping force of the shock absorber and the spring force of the spring, through different tuning and matching, will produce different chassis styles, such as sporty and comfortable.
Handbrake cable: When the handbrake is pulled, the rear wheel is braked, just like a bicycle brake.
Exhaust pipe soft connection: Block the transmission of engine vibration.
Sub-frame: Suspension member connecting the hem arm and the body.
Three-way catalytic converter: converts NOx, CO and other harmful gases in the exhaust gas into harmless gases such as N2 and CO2, reducing emissions and pollution.
Muffler: Eliminates noise from engine exhaust. Without this thing, our cars would be as loud as sports cars.
Activated carbon canister: A small black canister installed on the right side of the rear of the car. The interior is filled with activated carbon and connected to the fuel tank, which is used to absorb gasoline vapor. When the car starts, the activated carbon canister solenoid valve is opened in time to pour the absorbed fuel vapor back into the intake manifold to achieve fuel saving and environmental protection.
Torsion beam: A torsion beam type semi-independent suspension member can produce a certain torsional deformation, which makes the suspension performance between independent suspension and non-independent suspension. The characteristics of this suspension are low cost, high strength, small footprint, and average comfort, which are mostly used on small cars.
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